Evaluating sources of bias in observational studies
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Avoiding Bias in Observational Studies
T he randomized clinical trial is a well established and frequently used study design and is generally accepted as the gold standard (1). Nevertheless, many questions can only be answered with epidemiological observational studies, such as the influence of cigarette consumption on the development of lung cancer (2), the effects of sport, nutrition and overweight on cardiovascular diseases (3), ...
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Commentary I nstrumental variable analysis is an increasingly popular statistical method in epidemio-logic research. 1 epidemiologists' enthusiasm for this approach may be because it can potentially estimate causal effects in observational data in the presence of unmeasured confounding. 2 This overcomes a significant limitation of conventional epidemiologic methods, such as multivariable regres...
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CONTEXT Accuracy is an important feature of any diagnostic test. There has been an increasing awareness of deficiencies in study design that can create bias in estimates of test accuracy. Many pathologists are unaware of these sources of bias. OBJECTIVE To explain the causes and increase awareness of several common types of bias that result from deficiencies in the design of diagnostic accura...
متن کاملSources of bias in studies among infertility clients.
An assumption in case-control studies is that forces of selection are the same for cases and controls. This may not be true for studies of male infertility among infertility clients. Earlier reproductive outcomes may introduce modification of risk behavior or differential referral. Selection bias might also occur when infertile males are compared with fertile males. Partners of sterile men are ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Hypertension
سال: 2021
ISSN: 0263-6352,1473-5598
DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002725